What is Hemorrhoids?
Hemorrhoids are painful, swollen veins in the lower portion of the rectum or anus.
They usually occur during pregnancy, and after bouts of constipation.
The straining and pressure causes the veins in the anal area to become enlarged and tender.

Symptoms of Hemorrhoids
- Anal itching
- Anal ache or pain, especially while sitting
- Bright red blood on toilet tissue, in your underwear, or in the toilet bowl
- Pain during bowel movements
- One or more hard tender lumps near the anus

Hemorrhoids are caused by a blood vessel that has been pushed out of the anus and become infected.
The size, shape and number of hemorrhoids vary from one person to another.
CharacteristicsThe size of hemorrhoid can be larger than a grape or the size of a walnut.
The most standard and commonly found is typically the size of a pea. It also varies in numbers from person to person.
Sometimes there is only one hemorrhoid, while some people can have many hemorrhoids. Usually a small cluster of hemorrhoids is found.

What do Hemorrhoids look like?
They can look like flattened grapes, some are fuller.
There are others that may look wrinkly.
They usually come out of the anus or protrude. Sometimes the hemorrhoids remain inside the anus out of view they are the internal hemorrhoids, while some hemorrhoids develop on the skin outside of the anus, these are the external hemorrhoids.
Sometimes they block the anus from being seen.They are cushion like to feel. It may seem like a bump, which starts to protrude after a while.

An Internal hemorrhoid will feel like a bump because it is inside the anal region and hence often not diagnosed for a longer period.
While the external hemorrhoid is easily visible to the common man with the help of a mirror.What Hemorrhoids look like is often confused with anal fissures.

Seeing spots of blood on the toilet paper and pain with bowel movements, people think it’s hemorrhoids when the problem may really be a small but painful tear called an anal fissure.
They are often caused by constipation. If stools are dry and hard, the anal sphincter is forced open wider than normal. This results in a tear or anal fissure.

Anal fissures cause a sharp, stinging pain with the passage of each bowel movement but hemorrhoids often cause bleeding but no pain.

External Hemorrhoids are swollen areas of skin and blood vessels around the anus.
They are highly innervated and sensitive and are also at risk for thrombosis.
They develop around the external opening of the anus. It is usually very painful as the skin around them is very sensitive.
Most of the time, they are just bothersome protrusions, which make hygiene and personal care very difficult.
Many a time external hemorrhoids develop a clot inside of them. This happens often after a period of diarrhea or constipation. In such cases, it produces a firm and painful swelling or lump around the rim of the anus.

How to get rid of hemorrhoids?
One of the easiest ways is eating more fiber and drink more water as stools come out easier when they’re full and moist. But in cases where the pain and discomfort is extreme a doctor should be consulted immediately.

Some methods to get rid of hemorrhoids
Treatment of hemorrhoids is a two method process.
Firstly, we have to get rid shrink the symptoms of burning, itching, and pain.
And secondly, the hemorrhoid itself has to be shrunk.

1. Healing the symptoms
There are various creams and ointments available in the market, which help in relieving the pain, itching and burning. Some medicines also target particular areas like there are different ointments for pain, another for burning etc. While there are also the tropical creams, which work well overall.
Another common Hemorrhoids remedy that helps to curb swelling of irritated hemorrhoidal tissues are Hemorrhoids creams.
It also gives immediate and temporary relief from the painful burning, itching and discomfort of hemorrhoids.
2. Shrinking the hemorrhoid
There are specially designed tubs called Sitz Bath available at leading medical stores.
This is a small tub and is specially designed to allow the soaking of hemorrhoids without taking a bath. In this process the rectal area is soaked in hot water for 15-20 minutes about 3-4 times a day.
Not only does this helps relieve symptoms but also aids shrinkage of the hemorrhoid.
3. Eating habits and physical activities
Eating fruits like oranges, apples, bananas, prunes, grapefruits, mangoes, watermelon, grapes and cherries enhances the digestion process.
Food products like bread, white flour products, and sodas should be avoided as they lead to constipation.
Physical activities like running, walking, swimming etc. should be added to your daily regime.
4. Apply ice packs on the affected areas.
5. Sitz bath, which is a small tub and is specially designed to allow the soaking of hemorrhoids without taking a bath. In this process the rectal area is soaked in hot water for 15-20 minutes about 3-4 times a day. Not only does this help relieve symptoms but also aids shrinkage of the hemorrhoids.

Surgical procedure for getting rid of hemorrhoid
Three surgical procedures to remove external hemorrhoids are
a) laser coagulation
The hemorrhoid is clotted with an electric probe which makes it shrink.
b) Infrared photocoagulation
The hemorrhoid is clotted with infrared light to make it shrinks.
c) Hemorrhoidectomy
Complete removal of the hemorrhoid.

Treatment for internal Hemorrhoids remedy
a) Rubber Band Ligation
In this process a small rubber band is placed at the base of the internal hemorrhoid.
b) Injection Sclerotherapy
A chemical solution is injected into the mucous membrane near the hemorrhoid resulting in inflammation and closure of the veins, thereby shrinking the hemorrhoid.
c) Infrared Photocoagulation
An infrared is directed to clot the dilated veins of the hemorrhoid.
d) Laser Coagulation
An electric current is applied to the hemorrhoids triggering a chemical reaction that shuts down the blood supply in the hemorrhoid and causes the inflamed tissue to shrink.
e) Hemorrhoidectomy
Here the hemorrhoid groups are surgically removed with a scalpel, cattery device or laser.

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