Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a Central Nervous System (CNS) inflammation.
It’s characterized by perivenular infiltration of macrophages and lymphocytes in the brain parenchyma, optic nerves, brain stem, and spinal cord.
However, the causes of MS still full of suspects caused the it’s complex and heterogeneous.
Recent study said that decreased function of immune cells (such as dendritic cells, B cells, and natural killer cells) identified has implication with multiple sclerosis, including non-immune cells (such as endothelial).
Other common suspect are related to genetic factors, environment, and infection.
As genetic factor, this disease most common appear at caucasian population living in northern latitudes.
Harding determination of early detect of MS caused it could be presented as many forms such as primary progressive, secondary progressive phenothypes, relapsing remitting, and relapsing progressive.
Common diagnosing used to identified multiple sclerosis is through Magnetic Resonance Imaging with it’s several techniques such as;
- Magnetization Transfer Ratio (MTR)
- Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR)
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRSI)
And the symptoms may used to refer the MS based on the suffering from the existing of MS itself such as;
- loss or reducing of touching sensitivity
- tingling sensation or numbness
- weakness of muscle
- involuntary contraction of muscle
- moving difficulties
- lack coordination of muscle movements
- poor of articulation or speech problem
- difficulty in swallowing
- involuntary eye movement
- partial loss of vision
- double vision
- fatigue
- acute pain
- chronic pain
- difficulties of bowel movement
- unstable mood
Most of death cases related to multiple sclerosis related to their complication such as recurrent respiratory tract infections in bedridden patients due to difficulty in handling secretions.
Average survival for multiple sclerosis disease about 5-7 years or bellow.
From recent survey based on death certificated related to this disease, average survival is 6.8 years or bellow.
Ratio gender between male and female with multiple sclerosis affected is 2:1 or even 3:1 for women. That means the women have higher ratio of infected than the men, with general suspect based on people aged between 18-50 years.
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